Liquid chemical measuring and distribution system

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for drawing and measuring an amount of liquid agrichemical and dispensing the measured amount of agrichemical for mixture with water and eventual application onto a field. The agrichemical is drawn into a measuring vessel by suction pressure, created in one embodiment by an air compressor and valving system, and in another embodiment by a valve-pump in conjunction with a 3-way valve. The agrichemical is then dispensed from the measuring vessel either by positive pressure created by the same air compressor/valving system, or by suction pressure created by valve-pump/3-way valve. The valve-pump provides both a mixing chamber for the agrichemical and water prior to tank storage for eventual application, and controllable suction pressure for drawing the agrichemical out of the measuring vessel for mixing. The valve-pump is also self-cleaning thereby reducing the possibility of cross-contamination.

This is a division of application Ser. No. 08/470,444, filed Jun. 6,1995 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,632,313, which is a division of applicationSer. No. 08/162,530, filed Dec. 3, 1993 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,450,881.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for themeasuring and dispensing of liquids and, more particularly, to anapparatus and method for the measuring and dispensing of liquidagrichemicals.

Liquid agrichemicals, such as herbicides, fertilizers, pesticides,fungicides, and the like, are advantageous over solid agrichemicals inmany applications. For example, liquid agrichemicals provide fasterresponse, especially in dry conditions, and for pesticides provide moreeffective control of soil insects.

Regarding certain agrichemicals, government regulations specify thatsuch agrichemicals must be handled with a transfer system thatsubstantially eliminates the possibility of spillage during the transferof the agrichemical from the supply tank to the holding tank of asprayer system.

Most modern agrichemicals are sold in a concentrated form which makesthem unsuitable for direct application on the crop or field.Consequently, the concentrated agrichemical must be first diluted beforeapplication. In order to achieve a proper dilution ratio of theconcentrated agrichemical to a diluent, the diluent being generallywater, the concentrated agrichemical must be measured before mixing.Depending on various factors such as total end volume of mixture desiredwhich, may be based on application or flow rate and the total acreage tobe covered, as well as mixture strengths for various field conditions,etc. the proper mixture ratio is determined. The agrichemical must beaccurately measured in order to achieve the proper mixture ratio inorder for the agrichemical to properly perform.

Such concentrated agrichemicals generally pose a health hazard uponexposure, and thus, great care should be taken to avoid unnecessarycontact therewith. The process of measuring and mixing the agrichemicalscan pose a challenge to avoid unnecessary exposure.

Heretofore, various systems for measuring and diluting agrichemicalshave generally included a conventional pump disposed in-line with theagrichemical for pumping the agrichemical to a mixing tank or otherwise.Usually a separate in-line pump is also used for pumping the water(diluent) into the mixing tank. Complicated valving is then utilized tocontrol the flow. Unfortunately, such in-line agrichemical pumps tend tocorrode very quickly due to the corrosive nature of agrichemicals.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,199,472 (Rollison) discloses a chemical transfer systemwhich does not utilize an in-line pump for transferring the agrichemicalfrom a storage tank to a mixing tank. A metering container assemblyreceives liquid agrichemical from a storage tank and transfers a desiredamount of liquid agrichemical to a mixing tank or the like, without theuse of an in-line pump. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, a single head aircompressor as an inlet and an outlet which may be alternately disposedin fluid communication with the interior of the container or the ambientenvironment. Utilizing a first three-way valve connected to the inlet ofthe compressor, and a second three-way valve connected to the outlet ofthe compressor, the interior of the container may be connected to eitherthe inlet or the outlet of the single head air compressor. When theinlet line of the single head air compressor is connected to theinterior of the tank, a suction pressure is created within the interiorof the tank which draws liquid agrichemical from a storage tank into themetering container assembly. Contrarily, when the outlet to the aircompressor is connected to the interior of the metering containerassembly, the liquid agrichemical is expelled from the meteringcontainer assembly to a mixing tank or the like. During a fillingoperation, a user visually observes the level of the liquid agrichemicalwithin the metering container assembly and actuates the valveaccordingly when the liquid agrichemical reaches a desired level. In theevent a user inadvertently fails to actuate the valves and thereby ceaseapplication of suction pressure to the interior of the container, afloat assembly disposed at the top of the interior of the containercloses the line extending from the exterior of the tank to the inlet ofthe compressor. In the absence of such a float assembly, the liquidagrichemical would reach the top of the interior of the tank and may bedrawn out through the tank line extending to the compressor because ofthe suction created within the tank line.

For proper operation of the metering container assembly, Rollisondiscloses a leveling device which is utilized for positioning themetering container assembly in a true vertical position. Such levelingis necessary to provide a proper visual indication to a user of theamount of fluid contained within the metering container assembly byviewing a sight gage, and also to ensure proper operation of an overflowvalve. To effect leveling of the metering container assembly, a handleof a leveling means is rotated and a ball float of an indicator isaligned with cross hairs.

An object of the present invention is to provide an agrichemicalmeasuring and mixing system which overcomes the problems of the priorart by having a closed measuring and diluting system.

It is another object of the present invention to eliminate theconventional in-line pump.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art byproviding an agrichemical measuring and dispensing system utilizing airpressure differentials to draw the agrichemical into a measuring vesseland dispense the same for mixing with a suitable diluent.

In one form, the present invention provides a method of drawing adesired volume of liquid chemical from a chemical storage tank,measuring the desired volume, and dispensing the measured volumetherefrom for mixing with a diluent. The method comprises the steps ofproviding a measuring vessel of a known volume, the measuring vesselhaving an inlet in fluid communication with the storage tank and anoutlet. Creating a suction pressure within the measuring vessel to causea desired volume of less than or equal to the predetermined volume ofthe measuring vessel of the chemical within the storage tank to be drawntherefrom and into the measuring vessel via the inlet. Then creating ahigh pressure within the measuring vessel to dispense the measuredvolume of chemical from the measuring vessel via the outlet.

Further, the present invention provides a method of drawing a desiredmeasured volume of liquid chemical from a chemical storage tank anddispensing the measured volume therefrom for mixing with a diluent. Themethod comprises the steps of providing a measuring vessel of a knownvolume, the measuring vessel having an inlet in fluid communication withthe storage tank, an outlet, and an air passage therein. A suctionpressure is applied at the air passage for creating a suction pressurewithin the measuring vessel to cause a desired volume of less than orequal to the predetermined volume of the measuring vessel of thechemical within the storage tank to be drawn therefrom and into themeasuring vessel via the inlet. Prevailing atmospheric pressure isapplied at the air passage for creating an atmospheric pressure withinthe measuring vessel. Then a suction pressure is created at the outletin order to draw the measured amount of liquid chemical accumulatedwithin the measuring vessel therefrom for dispensing.

An apparatus for measuring a desired volume of concentrated liquidagrichemical stored in a bulk tank and dispensing the measured volumefor mixing with a diluent is disclosed. The apparatus comprises ameasuring vessel of a predetermined volume, the measuring vessel havinga fluid inlet for fluid communication with the bulk tank, a fluid outletfor fluid communication with a dispensing device, and an air passagetherein. Means for creating a suction pressure and a positive pressureis provided, as well as valve means in communication with, and betweenthe suction and positive pressure creating means and the air passage forselectively applying one of a suction pressure and a positive pressureto the air passage, wherein when suction pressure is applied to the airpassage the concentrated liquid agrichemical is drawn from the bulk tankand into the fluid inlet of the measuring vessel in order to fill themeasuring vessel, and when positive pressure is applied to the airpassage the concentrated liquid agrichemical within the measuring vesselis dispensed from the fluid outlet of the measuring vessel.

The present invention further provides an apparatus for drawing adesired measured volume of liquid chemical from a chemical storage tankand dispensing the measured volume for mixing with a diluent. Theapparatus comprises a measuring vessel of a predetermined volume, themeasuring vessel having a fluid inlet for fluid communication with thestorage tank, a fluid outlet, and an air passage therein. A fluidactuated pump, which can be substituted for the compressor or work inconjunction with the compressor, is included having a suction inlet, adiluent inlet, and an outlet, for selectively creating a suctionpressure at the suction inlet. When the fluid actuated pump is in afirst position, diluent flows into the diluent inlet and out of theoutlet without creating a suction pressure at the suction inlet becausethe nipple is in such a position that its configuration creates pressurerather than a vacuum. This pressure cleans the chamber behind the ballof contaminants, and a check valve is employed to prevent thepressurized water from entering the normal suction inlet of the pump.When the fluid actuated pump is in a second position, diluent flows intothe diluent inlet and out of the outlet creating a suction pressure atthe suction inlet. Further, the apparatus includes a valve selectivelyactuatable into a first position for applying the suction pressurecreated by the fluid actuated pump to the air passage whereby thesuction pressure causes the liquid chemical to be drawn from the storagetank into the inlet and accumulate within the measuring vessel. Thevalve is selectively actuatable into a second position for applying thesuction pressure created by the fluid actuated pump to the outlet of themeasuring vessel whereby the suction pressure causes the liquid chemicalwithin the measuring vessel to be dispensed therefrom. Thus, the liquidchemical is dispensed from the measuring vessel into the fluid actuatedpump and is mixed with the diluent within the fluid actuated pump beforeflowing from the outlet of the fluid actuated pump.

Also, according to one aspect, the present invention provides a fluidactuated pump comprising a housing having a first inlet, a suctioninlet, and an outlet. The pump further comprises a valve member disposedwithin the housing and selectively actuatable into a bypass position anda suction position. The valve member defines a chamber therein having afirst opening of a first diameter, a second opening of a second diameterdisposed diametrically opposite the first opening, a third opening of athird diameter disposed angularly between the first and second openings,and a fourth opening of a fourth diameter disposed diametricallyopposite the third opening, the fourth diameter being smaller than thefirst and the second diameters. A tubular nipple is disposed over thefourth opening and extends into the chamber, with tubular nipple havinga chamfer disposed on an end within the chamber, the chamfer facing thefirst opening when the valve member is in the bypass position. The valvemember is manually moveable into the bypass position and the suctionposition, wherein when the valve member is in the bypass position thefirst and second openings align with the first inlet and the outletrespectively and the fourth opening is aligned with the suction inletsuch that diluent flows from the first inlet and the first opening andthrough the second opening and the outlet without creating suction atthe suction inlet. When the valve member is in the suction position, thefourth and third openings align with the first inlet and the outletrespectively, so that diluent flows through the nipple and the thirdopening, and the outlet and the second opening is aligned with thesuction inlet thereby creating a suction pressure at the suction inlet.

The fluid actuated pump, because of its bypassing capabilities, allowsthe pump to be installed permanently in an existing line and simplybypassed when it is not being used, thereby causing little restrictionfor liquid transfer through the line.

An advantage of the present invention is that the liquid agrichemicalmay be transported from a storage tank to a measuring tank, without theuse of an in-line pump, and without the use of complicated multiplevalving.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the liquidagrichemical may be drawn into the measuring tank, and upon the liquidagrichemical reaching one of a plurality of predetermined levels withinthe measuring tank, the flow of liquid agrichemical from the storagetank is automatically stopped.

Yet another advantage is that the liquid agrichemical may be drawn intothe measuring tank, and upon the liquid agrichemical reaching one of aplurality of predetermined levels within the measuring tank, theinterior of the measuring tank may be automatically and very quicklyvented to the atmosphere.

A still further advantage is that a fluid actuated pump may be utilizedto create a suction pressure at the outlet of the measuring tank, andthereby evacuate the liquid agrichemical from the measuring tank.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention,and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and theinvention will be better understood by reference to the followingdescription of an embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction withthe accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a tractor applying an agrichemical ontoa field via a boom sprayer, the agrichemical being stored in a tank onthe tractor;

FIG. 2 is an elevational view of a chemical measuring and distributionsystem according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an elevational view of an embodiment of a measuring tankaccording to the present invention as utilized in the system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the measuring tank of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the distribution head of the measuring tankof FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the distribution head of FIG. 5 takenalong line 6--6 thereof;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the distribution head of FIG. 5 takenalong line 7--7 thereof;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the distribution head and air valveassembly of the measuring tank of FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the air valve assembly of FIG. 8 showingthe various parts thereof;

FIG. 10 is a top sectional view of the air valve assembly of FIG. 8 in atank dispensing position;

FIG. 11 is a top sectional view of the air valve assembly of FIG. 8 in atank fill position;

FIG. 12 is a top sectional view of the air valve assembly of FIG. 8 in aneutral, or tank to vent, position;

FIG. 13 is an elevational view of a chemical measuring and distributionsystem according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged elevational view of the 3-way valve of the systemof FIG. 13, in an off position with the vent open;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged elevational view of the 3-way valve of the systemof FIG. 13, in a tank fill position with the vent closed;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged elevational view of the 3-way valve of the systemof FIG. 13, in a tank dispensing position with the vent open;

FIG. 17 is an elevational view of a pump/valve according to an aspect ofthe present invention as utilized in the system of FIG. 13;

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of the pump/valve of FIG. 17 in aflow-through position;

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of the pump/valve of FIG. 17 in apumping/mixing position;

FIG. 20 is a partially cut-away perspective view of an embodiment of ameasuring tank according to the present invention as utilized in thesystem of FIG. 2;

FIG. 21 is a top plan view of the distribution head of the measuringtank of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a sectional view of the distribution head of FIG. 21 takenalong line 22--22 thereof;

FIG. 23 is a sectional view of the distribution head of FIG. 21 takenalong line 23--23 thereof;

FIG. 24 is a sectional view of the float assembly shown in FIG. 20;

FIGS. 25A and 25B are partially cut-away perspective views of theembodiment of FIG. 20, illustrating the float assembly in a downwardposition and upward position, respectively;

FIG. 26 is a partially cut-away perspective view of another embodimentof a measuring vessel assembly according to the present invention asutilized in the system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 27 is a top plan view of the valve head of the measuring vesselassembly of FIG. 26:

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the valve head of FIGS. 26 and 27, asviewed when flipped upside down;

FIG. 29 is a sectional view of the valve head of FIG. 27 taken alongline 29--29 thereof;

FIG. 30 is a sectional view of the valve head of FIG. 27 taken alongline 30--30 thereof;

FIG. 31 is a sectional view of the valve head of FIG. 27 taken alongline 31--31 thereof;

FIG. 32 is a sectional view of the valve head of FIG. 27 taken alongline 32--32 thereof;

FIG. 33 is a top sectional view of the air valve assembly of FIG. 27;

FIG. 34 is a sectional view of the air valve assembly of FIGS. 27 and33, taken along line 34--34 in FIG. 33;

FIG. 35 is a top sectional view of the valve assembly of FIG. 33 in atank fill position;

FIG. 36 is a top sectional view of the valve assembly of FIG. 33 in atank fill position; and

FIG. 37 is a top sectional view of the valve assembly of FIG. 33 in anoff position.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding partsthroughout the several views. The exemplifications set out hereinillustrate preferred embodiments of the invention, and suchexemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of theinvention in any manner.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows a tractor 30 such as, for example, a typical commerciallyavailable all-purpose farm tractor on which is installed a tank 32 of acertain volume carried at the rear thereof. Tractor 30 is equipped witha boom-type sprayer 34 such as is commonly used for applying variousliquid agrichemicals onto crops or fields. Sprayer 34 is fluidlyconnected to tank 32 which holds the agrichemical for application.

Presently, most of the various types of agrichemicals that are used bythe agricultural community, such as herbicides, pesticides, fungicides,and the like, are packaged for purchase in a concentrated form. Thisreduces the volume of liquid which must be transported to the field forapplication versus the traditional non-concentrated form. Also, becauseof the concentrated form, the tank containing the agrichemical may besmaller.

Referring now to FIG. 2 there is depicted an embodiment of the presentchemical measuring and distribution apparatus 36. A bulk storage tank 38contains the concentrated agrichemical of which a quantity needs to bemeasured and then diluted with a suitable volume of diluent prior tofield application. The typical bulk storage tank 38 is generallyfabricated from a suitable plastic material such that the tank may bereturned for refilling or recycling. Bulk storage tank 38 includes a lid39 sealing an opening through which the tank has been filled with theconcentrated agrichemical. A conduit 40 is provided extending from theinner bottom of tank 38 to an opening 37 in the top, having a checkvalve therein and terminating with a fitting or dry break coupling 41.Conduit 40 thus provides fluid communication between the interior oftank 38 and the outside thereof for drawing the agrichemical out of thetank.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, apparatus 36includes a measuring vessel assembly 42 having a cylindrical main body44 seated upon a base cap 61 forming a measuring tank having apredetermined volumetric capacity 45. Base cap 61 is attached to baseportion 46, having handles 47a, 47b integrally formed therein fortransporting measuring vessel assembly 42. An inlet fitting 48 on baseportion 46 is coupled to a hose 50 that terminates with a dry breakcoupling 51 with a backwash checkvalve to permit triple washing.Coupling 51 is adapted to connect to fitting 41 of tank conduit 40 suchthat the contents of bulk tank 38 is in fluid communication withmeasuring vessel assembly 42 via hose 50. Coupling 51 enables themeasuring vessel 42 to be backwashed. An outlet fitting 52 on baseportion 46 has a hose 54 connected thereto, with hose 54 terminatingwith a dispensing nozzle 56 having a valve 57 for controlling theoutgoing flow of measured agrichemical. A compressor 58 is disposedwithin base portion 46 and provides air pressure, both positive andnegative, as the prime mover for the measuring and dispensing of theagrichemical as hereinbelow described. Air compressor 58 includes leads59 that are connected to a suitable source of electricity (not shown)for operating air compressor 58. Preferably air compressor 58 operateson 12 volts DC so that apparatus 36 may be portable and connected to the12 volt DC power of a vehicle. As an example, air compressor 58 is a 12volt DC, 1/10 HP diaphragm type, compressor capable of providing up to15 psi and 15 inches of vacuum, such as a model 907 DC series aircompressor manufactured by Thomas Industries, Inc. A valve assembly 74is in communication with air compressor 58 and main body 44 providingregulatable control of the measuring and dispensing process as describedhereinbelow.

Measuring vessel assembly 42 will now be described in greater detailwith reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. Cylindrical main body 44 is fabricatedout of a preferably opaque plastic such as, for example, a clarifiedpolypropylene, and is formed with a 9" (inner diameter) by 0.25" wall.The cylindrical bottom edge of body 44 is seated within an annulargroove 62 of a base cap 61 such that body 44 is retained thereby. Basecap 61 further includes an annular, radially outwardly extending ledge63 that is in turn seated upon an annular, radially inwardly extendingledge 49 of base portion 46. Base cap 61 is fabricated out of a plasticsuch as, for example, a polypropylene. A top cap 64 has an annulargroove 67 in which the cylindrical top edge of body 44 fits. Like basecap 61, top cap 64 is fabricated out of a plastic such as, for example,a polypropylene. Top cap 64 includes an axially downwardly projectingcylindrical portion 65, with a 3/8" hole 65B venting the interior andexterior of cylindrical portion 65, and encircling a float valve 66 suchas, for example, a 316 stainless steel ball type float valve of the typecommercially available from Armstrong. Float valve 66 provides portclosing as hereinbelow described in order to prevent overfill ofmeasuring vessel 42 during the measuring process. It can therefore beappreciated that body 44 with base cap 63 and top cap 64 defines acapacity 45 of a known volume, here being five (5) gallons, but anyother predetermined volume will suffice. Furthermore, body 44 includesvolume demarcations on the outside surface thereof in order to measurefractions of the known volume (see FIG. 2) for accurate dilution.

An inlet conduit 68 and outlet conduit 70 are each disposed within baseportion 63 and are connected to respective inlet and outlet fittings 48,52. At an end distal inlet and outlet fittings 48, 52, inlet and outletconduits 68, 70 terminate in respective check valves 69, 71 of thespring-loaded type. Check valve 69 allows the agrichemical to flow intovolume 45 via inlet conduit 68 but prevents agrichemical flow out ofvolume 45 via inlet conduit 68. Check valve 71 allows the flow ofagrichemical from volume 45 via outlet conduit 70 but prevents an inwardflow into volume 45 via outlet conduit 70. It should be appreciated thatcheck valve 71 is selected such that the hydrostatic pressure exertedupon check valve 71 when volume 45 is completely filled, is not enoughto overcome and unseat check valve 71, more pressure is required whichis supplied by air compressor 58.

Valve assembly 60 is disposed on top cap 64 and includes a valve head72. Valve head 72 is an elongated oval-shaped block of a suitablematerial, here plastic, and preferably a polypropylene of about one inchthick, which is secured at one end to the upper face of top cap 64 by aplurality of screws 73. Disposed at the other end of valve head 72 is athree-position air valve 74 that controls and allocates the airpressures or the air flow generated by air compressor 58. The positivepressure of 15 psi in the vacuum of 15 inches is accomplished by meansof a small bypass valve located on the suction and pressure lines 76 and78 of compressor 58. Valve head 72 is in communication with aircompressor 58 via vacuum pressure line 76 and positive pressure line 78.A tank line 80 with quick disconnect 82, which is attached to valve head72 such that tank line 80 may be in communication with volume 45 viafloat valve 66, is also connected to air valve 74. As described indetail hereinbelow, air valve 74 controls the filling and dispensing ofvessel 42 by selectively permitting tank line 80 to be in communicationwith one of respective vacuum and positive pressure lines 76, 78, andvent.

Referring now to FIGS. 5-7, there is shown valve head 72. Valve head 72includes a bore 84 for providing communication between volume 45 ofvessel 42 and tank line 80. Bore 84 includes a larger diameter portion83 extending downwardly a short distance from the upper surface of valvehead 72 in which a corresponding quick disconnect fitting (not shown) isdisposed as the mating portion for quick disconnect 82 of tank line 80.The quick disconnect 82 of tank line 80 permits tank line 80 to be usedas an agitator line for a chemical tank the type which includes an airactuated internal agitator to mix the contents thereof. Bore 84 alsoincludes a larger diameter portion 85 extending upwardly a shortdistance from the lower surface of valve head 72 in which float valve 66is partially seated. Radially adjacent bore 84 are three valve headalignment recesses 86, 87, 88, that fit into corresponding projections(not shown) on the top surface of top cap 64. This recess (86-88) andprojection combination provides seating and alignment of valve head 72on top cap 64.

The end of valve head 72 opposite bore 84 includes an annular recess 90that is adapted to receive and retain air valve 74. Four screw bores 91are equalannularly spaced within recess 90 relative to each other andare disposed towards the outer annular edge thereof. Four bores 92, 94,96, 98, are likewise equalannularly spaced within recess 90 relative toeach other and are disposed towards the center thereof. Bores 92, 94,96, 98 provide communication between valve head and corresponding bores118, 119, 120, 121 of valve body 108 (see FIG. 9) as describedhereinbelow. Radially surrounding each bore 92, 94, 96, 98, on the uppersurface of valve head 72 is an annular recess 93, 95, 97, 99,respectively, in which are disposed suitable UHMW valve seats (notshown). The UHMW valve seats are epoxy glued into place to help minimizeair leakage between valve head 72 and air valve 74 during operation.Bore 92 is a straight-through bore with a larger diameter lower opening100 at the lower surface of valve head 72, while each other bore 94, 96,98, has a larger diameter lower opening 101, 102, 103, respectively, atthe lower surface of valve head 72, which are offset from the uppersurface opening. Each larger diameter portion 100, 101, 102, 103 isadapted to receive an air line fitting such that one of the various airlines 76, 78, 80, or vent may be attached thereto. It should beappreciated that each lower opening does not have to be offset from theupper opening of the respective bore, but doing so reduces crowding andinterference between the various air line connections when the lines areinstalled or removed. Centrally disposed in recess 90 is a bore 104through which is received valve stem 106 (see FIG. 8) of valve head 74.Thus, valve head 72 defines a seat for air valve 74 as well as providingan attachment seat for air lines 76, 78, 80, and communicationtherebetween.

FIG. 9 depicts an exploded view of air valve 74 showing its variouscomponents and features thereof. Air valve 74 includes an annular valvebody 108, an annular valve plate 110, an annular gasket 112, and anannular valve manifold 114 that includes a handle portion 115. Valvebody 108 is fabricated from a suitable material, such as, for example,UHMW polypropylene and includes a first annular plate-like portion 116having a given diameter and thickness and an integral second annularplate-like portion 117 having a given diameter and thickness disposedconcentric to first annular portion 116. The diameter of second annularplate-like portion 117 is less than the diameter of first annularplate-like portion 116 such that an annular ledge 115 is defined, whilethe thickness of second annular plate-like portion 117 is greater thanthe thickness of first annular plate-like portion 116. Valve body 108includes four bores 120, 121, 122, 123, which extend through first andsecond plates 116, 117. The placement of bores 120, 121, 122, 123, invalve body 108 corresponds to the placement of bores 92, 94, 96, 98 suchthat when valve body 108 is fixedly seated in recess 90 of valve head72, bores 118, 119, 120, 121, align with bores 92, 94, 96, 98. Ring-likevalve seats 124, 125, 126, 127, preferably of a UHMW polypropylenematerial, are disposed in each bore 120, 121, 122, 123 respectively andare epoxy glued into place. Located at the center of valve body 108 is abore 126 extending through first and second annular plate-like portions116, 117, which bore 126 is adapted to receive an end of valve stem 106(see FIG. 8). Disposed in first annular plate-like portion 116 towardsthe outer annular edge thereof, are screw bores 128 which align withscrew bores 91 of recess 90 of valve head 72 for securing valve body 108in recess 90 and thus onto valve head 72.

Gasket 112 is overlaid onto one side of valve plate 110 facing valvemanifold 114. Both gasket 112 and valve plate 110 have correspondingscrew bores 130 that spatially coincide with like bores (not shown) invalve manifold 114. Screws 131 (see FIG. 8) secure valve plate 110 andgasket 112 to manifold 114 such that both are fixed to manifold 114 andnon-rotatable relative thereto. Extending through gasket 112 and valveplate 110 are six bores 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137. Manifold 114 isfabricated from a suitable metal, such as, for example, UHMWpolypropylene, and includes a cylindrical portion 139 with a flat top140 and integral handle 115. Cylindrical portion 139 is axiallyelongated and has an inner diameter of sufficient size so as to fixedlyreceive valve plate 110 and gasket 112 therein and to extend over secondannular portion 117 of valve body 108 and be limitedly rotatablethereon. Disposed on the inner surface of manifold 114 are two elongatedoval-shaped channels 141, 142 oriented essentially parallel relativeeach other. Between channels 141, 142 is a rectangular channel 144having its longer sides oriented essentially parallel to channels 141,142. Located in each short side of channel 144 midway along the lengththereof, is an annular recess 146, 147. Disposed in the center of valveplate 110 and gasket 112 is a bore 138 through which is received valvestem 106 (see FIG. 8).

When gasket 112 and valve plate 110 are fixed to manifold 114, bores 133and 136 are aligned with annular recesses 146 and 147 respectively. Thisallows bore 133 to be in communication with bore 136 via rectangularchannel 144. Channel 144 is designed to enable the measuring tank tovent more quickly so that when controlling the intake or discharge ofproduct, the flow of product can be stopped immediately when the valveis turned to the off position upon achieving the desired level. Bore 132is aligned with one end of channel 141, while bore 137 is aligned withthe other end of channel 141, such that bores 132 and 137 are incommunication with each other via channel 141. In like manner, bore 134is aligned with one end of channel 142, while bore 135 is aligned withthe other end of channel 142, such that bores 134 and 135 are incommunication with each other via channel 142.

Bores 132-137 are spatially oriented relative bores 118-121 of valvebody 108 such that rotation of manifold 114 and fixed valve plate 110through a 90° rotational parameter relative valve body 108 permitsselective communication between bores 132-137 of valve plate 110 and airbores 118-121 of valve body 108. Bores 133 and 136 permit communicationbetween diametrically opposed bores in valve body 108, while bore pairs132, 137, and 134, 135 permit communication between annularlyneighboring bores in valve body 108 depending on the rotationalorientation of manifold 114 and valve plate 110 relative to valve body108.

Referring specifically now to FIG. 8, there is shown assembled air valve74 secured to valve head 72. Valve plate 110 with valve gasket 112 aresecured to valve manifold 114 by screws 131 while valve body 108 issecured to valve head 72. In order for valve manifold 114 with valveplate 110 and valve gasket 112 to limitedly rotate on valve body 108, avalve stem 106 is provided which extends through bore 84 in valve head72 and is threadedly received in a threaded valve stem bore 150 in valvemanifold 114. A compression spring 152 is disposed on valve stem 106 andsecured thereto by a locknut 154. Valve body 108 further includes anexpansion pin 156, and bore 158 in which is received a compressionspring 159 exerting a force against a ball bearing 160 in a positiondetente 162 in valve manifold 114. These features maintain valvemanifold 114, valve plate 110, and valve gasket 112 held against valvebody 108 while allowing for rotation of manifold 114 and plate 110through a limited range of movement of 90° relative valve body 108 inorder for passages 141, 142, 144 to align with selective bores 118-121of valve body 108.

The operation of the embodiment of the present invention as depicted inFIGS. 2-12 will now be described. An amount or volume of concentratedagrichemical which is stored in bulk tank 38 must be measured beforedilution with the diluent in order to achieve a desired mixture ratio.Hose 50 is connected at one end to bulk tank 38 via fittings 51, 41 andat the other end to inlet fitting 48. Air compressor electrical lead 59is connected to a suitable source of electrical energy, here being 12VDC such that the electrical system of the tractor or vehicle is used,allowing apparatus 36 to be portable. According to the presentinvention, the agrichemical is thus drawn from the bulk tank into themeasuring vessel by creating a suction pressure within capacity 45 ofmeasuring vessel 42 which is in communication with bulk tank 38. This isaccomplished by air compressor 58 in conjunction with air valve 74 andlines 76, 78, 80 and vent, providing selective communication between thevarious lines and vent.

The agrichemical thus enters volume 45 via inlet conduit 68 and throughcheck valve 69 when vacuum line 76 is in communication with tank line 80which is the case when air valve 74 is in a Tank Fill position, or TANKto VAC position, as depicted in FIG. 11. Initially, air valve 74 shouldbe in a Neutral position, or TANK to VENT position, as depicted in FIG.12. It should be appreciated that for clarity, bores 118-121 (FIG. 9)are labelled VAC, PRES, TANK, and VENT, respectively indicating lineattachment to vacuum line 76, pressure line 78, tank line 80, and ventto the prevailing atmosphere. In this manner, the three positions ofvalve 74 are more easily understood when describing the operationthereof. It should also be understood that the orientation of VAC, PRES,TANK, and VENT relative to each other must be as set forth in FIGS.10-12 for the channels to correctly align with the proper bores.

When air valve 74 is in the Neutral or TANK to VENT position as depictedin FIG. 12, tank line 80 (denoted TANK) is in communication with channel144 via recess 146 and thus the vent to atmosphere, denoted VENT, is incommunication with channel 144 via recess 147 such that volume 45 is incommunication with the prevailing atmosphere. Thus, there is no suctionor vacuum pressure exerted on volume 45 nor is there a positive pressureexerted on volume 45. In this position, no fluid can flow into measuringvessel 42 or, alternatively, if there was fluid within measuring vessel42, no fluid would flow therefrom. This is due to the fact that suctionline 76, denoted VAC, may be in communication with channel 142 but notin communication with any other bore, while pressure line 78, denotedPRES, may be in communication with channel 141 but not in communicationwith any other bore. It should also be appreciated that the Neutralposition (FIG. 12) is essentially the "off" position, and valve 74 thusrotates only 45° in both the clockwise and counterclockwise directionstherefrom in order to obtain a Tank Fill position (FIG. 11), and a TankDispense position (FIG. 10). Furthermore, valve 74 is designed such thatit must pass through the Neutral position when switching between theTank Fill position and the Tank Dispense position, and vice versa.

As the operator wishes to fill measuring tank 42, air valve manifold 114of air valve 74 is rotated into the Tank Fill position as depicted inFIG. 11. When air valve 74 is in the Tank Fill position as depicted inFIG. 11, PRES is in communication with VENT via channel 141 such thatthe pressure side of compressor is vented to the prevailing atmosphere,while TANK is in communication with VAC via channel 142 such thatcompressor 58 is exerting a suction pressure via tank line 80 withinvolume 45. It should be noted that channel 144 is not in communicationwith any bore when valve 74 is in the Tank Fill position. The suctionpressure created within volume 45 causes inlet check valve 69 to openthereby causing the liquid agrichemical to flow from tank 38 throughhose 50 and into inlet conduit 68 to fill volume 45. As mentionedhereinabove, check valve 71 of outlet conduit 70 permits outflow ofagrichemical that has entered volume 45, however check valve 71 requiresmore than normal head pressure developed by even a completely filledmeasuring tank to open.

When the desired amount of agrichemical has entered volume 45, theoperator may either immediately dispense the volume of agrichemicalaccumulated within capacity 45 or retain the volume of agrichemical forlater dispensing. In order to retain the volume of agrichemical withinvolume 45, manifold 114 of air valve 74 is turned to the Neutralposition (FIG. 12) such that TANK is in communication with VENT viachannel 144. This allows the suction or low pressure developed withinvolume 45 to be vented to atmospheric pressure such that an equilibriumcondition exists between volume 45 and the prevailing atmosphere. Inthis condition, the agrichemical within volume 45 may be maintaineduntil it is time to dispense the agrichemical as inlet check valve 69does not cause backflow and outlet check valve 71 is such thatadditional pressure is required to be open.

When the operator desires to later dispense the measured amount ofagrichemical within volume 45 or decides to immediately dispense theagrichemical, manifold 114 of air valve 74 is rotated to a Tank Dispenseposition as depicted in FIG. 10. In this position, VAC is incommunication with VENT via channel 142 such that air compressor 54 issucking atmosphere pressure via VENT. TANK is in communication with PRESvia channel 141 such that positive pressure is thus in communicationwith volume 45 via air line 80. As mentioned hereinabove, immediatedispensing by rotating valve 74 into the Tank Dispense position from theTank Fill position causes valve 74 to pass through the Neutral positionsuch that volume 45 will be vented to atmosphere. This pressure createdwithin volume 45 is enough to unseat outlet check valve 71 and thus theliquid agrichemical is caused to flow through outlet conduit 70 throughoutlet hose 54 and directed by dispensing nozzle 56. It should be herenoted that should the operator during the Tank Fill process forget toreturn air valve 74 to the neutral position or to the Tank Dispensingposition before the liquid agrichemical completely fills volume 45,float valve 66 will be actuated to unseat and seat against tank linebore 84 to prevent further suction pressure to draw more agrichemicalinto measuring tank 42. Since air compressor 58 is also safety vented,i.e. it will vent upon reaching a certain amount of pressure or ventwhen suction pressure is disabled, measuring tank 42 cannot beoverfilled. Even though air compressor 58 will continue to run untileither disconnected from the electrical power supply or air valve 74 isturned to the neutral or tank dispense position, only a predeterminedmaximum volume of agrichemical may enter measuring tank 42.

Referring now to FIG. 13 there is shown another embodiment of thepresent chemical measuring and distribution apparatus 170. Apparatus 170includes a tank 172 that contains the concentrated liquid agrichemical.A measuring vessel 174 is provided having a tank portion 175 enclosing aknown predetermined volume disposed on a base portion 176. Tank 175 andbase 176 is of a similar makeup and construction as measuring vessel 42described hereinabove. Storage tank 172 is in fluid communication withmeasuring vessel 174 via intake conduit 178. Disposed in conduit 178 atthe outlet of storage tank 172 is a check valve 179 permitting flow outof storage tank 172 but not back therein. Furthermore, disposed inintake conduit 178 is a check valve 180 of similar construction,function, and purpose as that of check valve 69 of measuring vessel 42.Extending from measuring vessel 174 is an outlet conduit 182 having acheck valve 183 disposed therein of similar construction, function, andpurpose to check valve 71 of measuring vessel 42, such that check valve183 permits fluid to flow from tank 175, but will prevent backflowtherein. An air conduit 186 is in communication with the top of tank 175with a float valve 187 disposed therebetween. As described in moredetail hereinbelow, suction pressure developed in conduit 186 createssuction pressure within tank 175 to draw the liquid agrichemical fromtank 172 therein via conduit 178, while when suction pressure is appliedto conduit 182, the measured liquid agrichemical is drawn from measuringvessel 174 for dispensing thereof.

A three-way valve 188 with vent 192 is provided for regulatablycontrolling to which one of conduits 182 and 186 is a suction pressureapplied, if any, as will be more apparent in the following description.Outlet conduit 182 is connected to three-way valve 188 at inlet side189, while air conduit 186 is in communication with three-way valve 188at inlet 190. Air conduit 186 is also in communication with vent 192 viavent conduit 195. Vent 192 includes a breather/filter 193 incommunication therewith. As will be further apparent with the followingdescription of the operation of three-way valve 188, vent 192 is inselective communication with air conduit 186 such that air conduit 186is in communication with the prevailing atmospheric pressure and thustank 175 is vented to the prevailing atmospheric pressure. Three-wayvalve 188 includes an outlet port to which is connected to an outletconduit 200. Outlet conduit 200 is in communication with pump/valve 202at inlet side 203. Disposed at inlet side 203 within conduit 200 is acheck valve 201 which allows flow from three-way valve 188 intopump/valve 202 but which prevents backflow from pump/valve 202 and intothree-way valve 188. Three-way valve 188 further includes a handle 198for providing manual, selective communication between the selectiveconduits 182, 186, and 200 as described hereinbelow.

Pump/valve 202 includes a main body 204 and a manually operated handle205 to position the valve to either pass liquid therethrough withoutcreating suction pressure in conduit 200, to cause suction pressure inconduit 200 as described hereinbelow. Tank 206, containing a suitablediluent, preferably water, is in fluid communication with pump/valve 202via conduit 208, pump P, and conduit 210. Disposed in conduit 208 is acheck valve 209 allowing the water within tank 206 to flow therefrom butpreventing backflow therein. Pump P, which can be any type of in-linetype pump is disposed between conduits 208 and 210 for pumping waterfrom tank 206 through conduit 208 and 210 into inlet 212 in main body204. Disposed in conduit 210 is a check valve 211 allowing the water toflow into pump/valve 202 but which prevents backflow into pump P. Thus,in this manner pump P will always pump non-corrosive diluenttherethrough and into pump/valve 202. Main body 204 also includes anoutlet 214 to which is connected conduit 216 providing fluidcommunication between pump/valve 202 and a holding or mixing tank 218. Adistribution conduit 219 is connected to mixing tank 218 which can thengo to the spray heads of the agricultural sprayer.

Pump/valve 202 operates to either allow the diluent to flow directlytherethrough and into tank 218 without creating a suction pressurewithin conduit 200 or pump/valve 202 may be positioned such that thediluent flows therethrough while creating a suction pressure in conduit200. It should be here noted that when pump/valve 202 is in a positionsuch that no suction pressure is created in conduit 200 (a By-passposition) and the water is directly flowing therethrough from tank 206to tank 218, dispensing tank 174 can neither be filled nor dispensedregardless of the position of three-way valve 188. However, whenpump/valve 202 is in a Suction position, the water flowing through mainbody 204 creates a suction pressure within conduit 200 which, dependingon the position of three-way valve 188 can alternatively fill ordispense the contents from measuring vessel 174. Three-way valve 188 canalso be in a Neutral position.

Referring now to FIGS. 17-19, the structure and operation of pump/valve202 will now be described. Referring in particular to FIG. 17 there is ashown a perspective view of the present pump/valve 202. Pump/valve 202includes a main body 204 preferably made of a polypropylene material.Main body 204 includes two end portions 220 and 221 with four sideportions of which three side portions 217, 222, 223 are showntherebetween held together by suitable bolts 224 extending therethrough.Pivotally disposed on body 204 is a handle 205 having a pivot bolt 226.Pivot bolt 226 is attached to an internal ball 230 such that as handle205 limitedly pivots, ball 230 (see FIGS. 18, 19) pivots therewith. Astop 227 is formed on the housing which engages a stop 228 formed onhandle 205 such that handle 205 only rotates through a 90° range ofmovement which defines two positions.

Referring now to FIGS. 18 and 19, pump/valve 202 is depicted in theBy-pass/No Suction creating position (FIG. 18) and a Suction creatingposition (FIG. 19). As can be seen in FIG. 18, inlet 212 includesinternal threads 213 for receiving like threads of conduit 210 whileoutlet opening 214 includes internal threads 215 for receiving likethreads of conduit 216. Disposed between side portion 222 and endportions 221 and 220 is an O-ring 232 for sealing therebetween while anO-ring 233 is disposed between side portion 223 and end portions 220 and221. Orifice 203 is threadedly connected to side 222 and is incommunication with ball 230.

A chamber 238 is formed within main body 204 in which a polypropyleneball 230 is rotatably disposed. As handle 205 rotates ball 230 is causedto rotate therewith through a limited 90° range of movement about avertical axis through pivot bolt 264. For adequate sealing, O-rings 234,235 are disposed in chamber 238. Ball 230 has a cylindrical chamber 252having diametrically opposed openings 250, 251 corresponding in size torespective inlets 212 and 214. Thus, in this manner any product enteringthe opening 212 will flow through chamber 252 and out opening 214.Disposed on one side of ball 230 90° on either side from openings 250and 251 is a smaller outlet port 254. Diametrically disposed from outletport 254 in ball 230 90° on either side from ports 250, 251 is an inletport 256 having an inward chamfer 257 of approximately 45°. Disposed inball 230 and in communication with inlet 256 is a hollow stainless steelnipple 258 which extends into area 252. Nipple 258 has a 30° bevel orchamfer 259 which, in the By-pass position faces inlet 212. The term"chamfer" used herein means any shape that produces a deflecting surfaceextending axially beyond the shortest dimension of the distal end 261 ofnipple 258, e.g. an "L" shape.

FIG. 18 depicts pump valve 202 and the By-pass position in which asfluid flows into opening 212 and 250 and exits outlet 251 and 214, thefluid impinges on chamfer 259 and therefore no suction pressure iscreated within nipple 258 or thus inlet 203. However, it should be notedthat due to the configuration of the valve design, the facing of thebend of nipple 258, and the positioning of orifice 254, pump/valve 202when in the By-pass position is continually cleaning cavity 238. Thistype of high velocity cleaning keeps cross contamination of chemicals toa minimum.

However, when pump/valve 202 is moved into the Suction position asdepicted in FIG. 19, a suction pressure is created at inlet 203 andsubsequently in conduit 200. This can also be considered a Pumpingposition in that any fluid source connected to inlet 203 is caused to bepumped into chamber 252 and mixed with any fluid entering inlet 212.When pump/valve 202 is in the Suction or Pumping position, the use ofdifferent nipple 258 sizes in relation to outlet port 254, almost anyratio of media to chemical gallons/minute can be obtained. While usingthe same method, higher vacuum limits can also be obtained at inlet 203in excess of 29 inches of vacuum. The vacuum created at inlet 203 thegreater the head pressure that can be overcome. However, while thesuction or vacuum increases, the flow rates will decrease. Thus, propersizing is essential for each application. As an example, a 9/16 inchoutlet with a media water pressure of 40 psi, head of 2 psi, a mediaflow rate of 15 GPM, and chemical flow rate of 12 GPM, produces a 27inch vacuum at inlet 203. This suction is created by a venturi-likeprinciple in that the rotation of ball 230 causes opening 256 and thusnipple 258 to be in communication with inlet 212. The restricted flowinto chamber 252 effected by nipple 258 and out through port 254 createsthe suction pressure at 203 as opening 251 is now in communicationtherewith. Thus, as fluid is pumped by pump P into pump/valve 202 viainlet 212, while pump/valve 202 is in the pumping/suction position, asuction pressure is created such that an incoming flow from inlet 203may mix with incoming fluid from inlet 212 to exit outlet 214.

It can thus be appreciated that valve/pump 202 can be used forproportioning, mixing, aeration, dispensing, a vacuum pump with up to29.2 inches of vacuum, and product sampling either by itself or with twoor three valves installed in series so that multiple GPM's or vacuumneeds are available when different flow rates are needed or whendifferent head pressures must be overcome. Valves with nipples havingproper venturi ratios and chamfers and with inlets tied together, higherflow rates can be obtained using two or three stage configurations.Furthermore, it should be noted that when pump/valve 202 is in theBy-pass position and no suction pressure is being created in conduit200, the position of the three-way valve 188 being irrelevant. However,when pump/valve 202 is in the Pump position, suction pressure is createdin conduit 200 and the position of three-way valve 188 may be such as tofill, dispense, or maintain the concentrated liquid agrichemical.

The operation of the embodiment of FIG. 13 will be described withreference to FIGS. 14-16. Three-way valve 188 includes a vent 192 whichis actuated by a vent actuator 194. Vent actuator 194 consists of an arm274 pivotally connected at 275 and a roller 278 at the end distal pivot275. A pin 276 actuates vent 192 such that when actuated conduit 186 isin communication with the ambient atmosphere via conduit 195 andbreather 193. Three-way valve 188 includes an internal ball 268 which isrotatable with handle 198 through a 180° range of motion whichcorresponds to three separate positions. Ball 268 includes an internalconduit 270 of a right angle configuration having an outlet 271 on oneend and an outlet 272 on the other end thereof. Handle 198 and ball 268rotate about a vertical axis through bolt 264 such that outlet 271 isalways in communication with opening 191 of conduit 200. Thus, rotationof ball 268 by handle 198 selectively permits opening 272 to be incommunication with either one of opening 189 of conduit 182, opening 190of conduit 186, or neither opening 189, 190. It should be noted thathandle 198 is so oriented that its position designates what conduit, ifany, opening 272 is in communication with.

Vent actuator 194 works in conjunction with handle 198 in that handle198 includes an annular portion 266 with a flat 267 located on one sidethereof. In the Off position as depicted in FIG. 14, opening 272 ofconduit 270 of ball 268 is in communication with no conduit whileannular portion 266 of handle 198 is oriented so as to be pressedagainst pivot arm 274 such that pin 276 actuates vent 192 such thatconduit 186 and thus, tank 175 is vented to atmosphere. In the Tank Fillposition as depicted in FIG. 16, ball 268 is oriented such that opening272 is in communication with opening 190 of conduit 186, while flat 267of handle 198 is oriented toward vent actuator 194 such that ventactuator 194 is not actuated such that conduit 186 is not vented toatmosphere. In the Tank Dispense position as depicted in FIG. 15, ball268 is oriented such that opening 272 is in communication with opening189 of conduit 182, while annular portion 266 with handle 198 isoriented so as to be pressed against pivot arm 274 such that pin 276actuates that 192 such that conduit 186 and thus, tank 175, is vented toatmosphere.

In operation of the embodiment of FIG. 13, in order to measure a volumeof liquid from tank 172, three-way valve 188 is initially in the Offposition as depicted in FIG. 14 such that tank 175 is vented toatmosphere via conduit 186 and conduit 195. In order to create a suctionpressure in conduit 200, pump P is turned on to start a flow of diluentfrom tank 206 through pump/valve 202. Pump/valve 202 is then actuatedinto the suction/pumping position thereby creating a suction pressure inconduit 200. At this point, the operator actuates three-way valve 188 tothe Tank Fill position as depicted in FIG. 16 such that the suctionpressure in conduit 200 is now being transmitted into conduit 186 andthus tank 175 in order to draw the liquid from tank 172 into tank 175.As described hereinabove, during the tank fill process, vent 192 isclosed such that conduit 186 receives the suction pressure from conduit200. Once the desired volume of chemical has been drawn into tank 175,three-way valve 188 is moved at least through the Off position asdepicted in FIG. 14 which actuates vent 192 to cause conduit 186, andthus tank 175 to be vented to the prevailing atmosphere therebyrelieving the suction pressure within tank 175.

At this point, the operator may either start to dispense the liquid frommeasuring vessel 174 or may hold the liquid therein by allowingthree-way valve 188 to remain in the Off position, or may switchpump/valve 202 creating the suction pressure into the By-pass position.Additionally, pump P could also be shut down. When the operator is readyto dispense the liquid accumulated in tank 175, suction pressure isagain created in conduit 200 by pump/valve 202 in the manner describedhereinabove. Three-way valve 188 is then turned to the Tank Dispenseposition (FIG. 15) which maintains tank 175 at the prevailingatmospheric pressure through vent 192 in communication with tank 175through conduits 186, 195. Suction pressure from conduit 200 is thus incommunication with conduit 182, the outlet conduit of measuring vessel174, which then draws the measured amount of liquid from tank 175 intothree-way valve 188 and out conduit 200 to mix within chamber 252 ofpump/valve 202 to then exit into conduit 216 and into tank 218 foreventual application.

FIGS. 20-24, 25A and 25B illustrate another embodiment of a measuringvessel assembly 300 which is similar to measuring vessel assembly 42described supra. Measuring vessel assembly 300 includes a cylindricalmain body 44 connected to a base portion 46 and top cap 64. Base portion46 includes handles 47a, 47b for transporting measuring vessel assembly300 and compressor 58 disposed within base portion 46. Compressor 58 isa single head compressor which creates a suction pressure at an inletthereof and a positive pressure at an outlet thereof.

A valve head 72 is attached to top cap 64 and includes a three-positionair valve 74 disposed therein. As described above, air valve 74 includesa VAC bore 118, PRES bore 119, TANK bore 120 and VENT bore 121 (FIGS.9-12). VAC bore 118 is connected to vacuum line 76, PRES bore 119 isconnected to pressure line 78, TANK bore 120 is connected to tank line80, and VENT bore 121 is vented directly to the ambient environment.Inlet and outlet conduit 68, 70 are in fluid communication with aninterior of cylindrical main body 44 via check valve 69, 71 at one endthereof, and are in fluid communication with inlet and outlet fittings48, 52 at the other end thereof.

Measuring vessel assembly 300, as shown in FIG. 20, includes a shut-offdevice for automatically stopping the flow of concentrated liquidagrichemical which is drawn into measuring vessel assembly 300 from astorage tank when the liquid agrichemical is at a predetermined levelwithin measuring vessel assembly 300. The flow of liquid agrichemicalinto measuring vessel assembly 300 is automatically stopped dependentupon suction pressure within vacuum line 76 and tank line 80. Becausethe shut-off device automatically stops the flow of liquid agrichemicalwhen the liquid is at a predetermined level, visual monitoring of thefluid level within and manually stopping the flow of liquid into mainbody 44 is unnecessary. Accordingly, main body 44 need not be formedfrom an opaque material allowing visual observation of the fluid levelwithin main body 44.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 20, the shutoff device comprises a floatassembly 302 (FIGS. 20 and 24) having an opening 304 formed thereinwhich is in fluid communication with tank line 80 via flexible tube 306.More specifically, opening 304 is formed in and extends through block308. A first enlarged diameter portion 310 is disposed at the top end ofopening 304 and includes female threads for receiving a coupler 312. Asecond enlarged diameter portion 314 is disposed at the bottom end ofblock 308 and receives a valve seat 316 having an opening 318 which isin fluid communication with opening 304. A bracket 320 is attached toblock 308 and pivotally mounts float 322 via arm 324. Headed pin 326 isattached to arm 324 and seals opening 318 when arm 324 is pivoted,as aresult of upward movement of float 322. That is, as liquid agrichemicalbeing drawn into main body 44 reaches a predetermined level, float 322moves in an upward direction and causes headed pin 326 to close opening318.

Float assembly 302 is preferably positioned generally coaxial with thelongitudinal axis of main body 44. More particularly, float 322 of floatassembly 302 is preferably positioned generally coaxial with thelongitudinal axis of main body 44. Such coaxial alignment of floatassembly 302 within main body 44 provides an equivalent of aself-leveling feature, whereby manual leveling of measuring vesselassembly 300 is not required. In furtherance thereof, it is noted thatif float 322 is positioned generally coaxial with the longitudinal ofmain body 44, the average level of fluid within main body 44 issubstantially equal to the level of fluid existing at float 322. Thatis, a higher level of fluid on one side of main body 44 results in acorrespondingly lower level of fluid on the opposite side of main body44, with a resultant average fluid level existing at the longitudinalaxis of main body 44. Thus, by positioning float assembly 302 generallycoaxial with the longitudinal axis of main body 44, leveling ofmeasuring vessel assembly 300 is not required.

Block 308 of float assembly 302 is threadingly attached to a threadedrod 328 and moves in an upward or downward direction during rotation ofthreaded rod 328, described infra. More particularly, block 308 includesan opening 330 which receives an insert 332 having a bore 334 withfemale threads therein. Insert 332 may be attached to block 308 via oneor more screws 336.

Referring now to FIGS. 20-22, an adjustment knob 338 is non-rotatablyattached to threaded rod 328 and is disposed adjacent valve head 72. Aseal 340 is disposed within an enlarged diameter portion 342 formed invalve head 72 for providing a gas-tight seal therebetween. In theembodiment shown, adjustment knob 338 includes an opening 334 formedtherein for receiving threaded rod 328. Threaded rod 328 receives alocknut 346. Disposed between adjustment knob 338 and valve head 72, andnon-rotatably attached to threaded rod 328 is a gear 348 having aplurality of radially extending teeth 350 (FIGS. 21, 22). It is to beunderstood, however, that gear 348 may be monolithically formed withadjustment knob 338.

Valve head 72 includes a recess 352 formed in the top surface thereoffor receiving a visual indicator dial 354. Indicator dial 354 includes acentrally disposed opening 356 having a diameter which is slightlylarger than bolt 358. Thus, indicator dial 354 is rotatably mounted tovalve head 72. Indicator dial 354 includes a plurality of radiallyextending teeth 360 disposed at the periphery thereof, a portion ofwhich are shown in FIG. 21. Teeth 360 mate with teeth 350 of gear 348,whereby rotational movement of adjustment knob 338 results in rotationalmovement of indicator dial 354. Conversely, rotational movement ofindicator dial 354 results in rotational movement of gear 348 andthreaded rod 328. Thus, rotational movement of threaded rod 328 isdependent upon rotational movement of indicator dial 354.

During a filling operation of measuring assembly vessel 300, tank line80 is fluidly connected to vacuum line 76 by adjustment of valve 74.Liquid agrichemical flows into main body 44 via inlet conduit 68. Whenthe level of the liquid agrichemical reaches float 322, float 322 movesin an upward direction and rotates arm 324, thereby closing opening 304which is in fluid communication with flexible tube 306, tank line 80 andvacuum line 76. However, a negative pressure is still present withinmain body 44 above the liquid agrichemical because of the vacuumpressure created therein utilizing air compressor 58. The level ofliquid agrichemical within main body 44 therefore continues to riseafter closing of opening 304. To prevent liquid agrichemical from risingabove the predetermined level, it is necessary to quickly vent theinterior of measuring vessel assembly 300 to the ambient environmentwhen the liquid agrichemical reaches the predetermined level. Theembodiment as shown in FIGS. 20-24, 25a and 25b automatically vents theinterior of measuring vessel assembly 300 to the ambient environmentwhen opening 304 is closed by headed pin 326.

During a filling operation of measuring vessel assembly 300, suctionpressure created within vacuum line 76, tank line 80 and flexible tube306 is approximately minus 8-12 inches mercury because of the suctionpressure created by air compressor 58. When opening 304 is closed byheaded pin 326 of float assembly 302, air compressor 58 continues to runand the suction pressure within vacuum line 76, tank line 80, andflexible tube 306 decreases to less than minus 20 inches mercury. Theembodiment shown in FIG. 20 includes a pressure sensing line 362 whichis in fluid communication with tank line 80 at one end thereof. As bestseen in FIG. 21, pressure sensing line 362 is connected at the other endthereof to a pressure equalizing valve 364. Pressure equalizing valve364 is threadingly received in a passageway 366 formed in valve head 72.Passageway 366 is, in turn, in fluid communication with the interior ofmeasuring vessel assembly 300 via an opening 368 extending from thebottom of valve 72 to passageway 366.

Pressure equalizing valve 364 may be, e.g., a piston-type ordiaphragm-type relief valve which provides fluid communication betweenpassageway 366 and the ambient environment via inlet 370, dependent onthe suction pressure within pressure sensing line 362. An example of apressure relief valve which may be utilized with the present inventionis a diaphragm-type valve available from R & K Industries, Ontario,Calif., part No. VCV181E. In general, such a valve does not providecommunication between the ambient environment and passageway 366 whenthe pressure within the valve is at about minus 15 inches mercury orabove, and does provide fluid communication between the ambientenvironment and passageway 366 when the pressure within pressure sensingline 362 is below about minus 15 inches mercury.

Tank line 80, as shown in FIG. 21, is attached to a coupler 372 which isthreadingly received within a passageway 374 formed in valve head 372.Passageway 374 is in fluid communication with the interior of measuringvessel assembly 300 via an opening 376 which extends from the bottom ofvalve head 72 to passageway 374. Referring to FIG. 22, opening 376threadingly receives a coupling 78 which is attached to flexible tube36.

Moreover, pressure sensing line 362 is attached at one end thereof to acoupling 380 which is threadingly received within a passageway 382disposed in fluid communication with tank line 80.

FIGS. 25a and 25b illustrate the relative orientation of flexible tube306 when float assembly 302 is moved to a downward position (FIG. 25a)and an upward position (FIG. 25b). As may be seen, flexible tube 306resiliently deforms during upward and downward movement of floatassembly 302 and maintains structural integrity.

FIGS. 26-37 illustrate another embodiment of a measuring vesselassembly, generally designated 400, which is similar to measuring vesselassemblies 42 and 300, and includes a cylindrical main body 44 connectedto a base portion 46 and a top cap 64. Base portion 46 includes handles47a, 47b for transporting measuring vessel assembly 400. A two-headcompressor 402 disposed within base portion 46 includes a first head 404and a second head 406. First head 404 includes an inlet 408 and anoutlet 410. Likewise, second head 406 includes an inlet 413 and anoutlet 414. First head 404 is utilized for applying a positive pressureto the interior of main body 44 via outlet 410, and second head 406 isutilized for applying a negative pressure to main body 44 via inlet 413.

Measuring vessel assembly 400, similar to measuring vessel assembly 300shown in FIG. 20, includes a shut off device for automatically stoppingthe flow of concentrated liquid agrichemical which is drawn intomeasuring vessel assembly 400 from a storage tank when the liquidagrichemical is at one of a plurality of predetermined levels withinmeasuring vessel assembly 400. To wit, as described above with regard tomeasuring vessel assembly 300, measuring vessel assembly 400 disclosedin FIGS. 26-37 likewise includes a float assembly 302 as shown in FIGS.20, 22 and 24. Referring to FIGS. 22, 24, 28 and 29, conjunctively,float assembly 302 includes a flexible tube 306 attached to a coupling378, which in turn is connected to an opening 416 in valve head 412.Moreover, a threaded rod 328 passes through an opening 418 having anenlarged diameter portion 420 for receiving a seal (not shown).

Referring to FIG. 27, a perspective view of valve head 412 is shown,with valve head 412 in an inverted, i.e., up side down, position. Asdescribed infra, valve head 412 includes a single three-port valve 411for application of a positive or negative pressure within main body 44.A vacuum port 468 is in fluid communication with a vacuum line 422 whichis connected to and in fluid communication with inlet 413 of second head406 of compressor 402. A pressure port 472 of three-port valve 411 is influid communication with a pressure line 424 which is connected tooutlet 410 of first head 404 of compressor 402. A tank port 420 ofthree-port valve 411 is connected to a transversely extending channel426 (FIG. 29), which in turn is in fluid communication with a pressureequalizing valve 428 (FIGS. 26, 27) and a tank line 430.

Pressure equalizing valve 428 includes a hollow stem portion 432 whichis threadingly received within an opening 444 of valve head 412 (FIGS.30, 32). Pressure equalizing valve 428 also includes a first opening 446which opens directly to the atmosphere and a second opening (notnumbered) which is attached to pipe 448. At the opposite end of pipe 448is connected to an opening 450 (FIG. 30) in valve head 412. Opening 450is in fluid communication with a longitudinally extending channel 452,which is in fluid communication with an opening 454 extending to thebottom side of valve head 412.

As described above with regard to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 20-25,pressure equalizing valve 428 opens and closes the fluid flow path fromfirst opening 446 to pipe 448, dependent upon the pressure within hollowstem portion 432. More particularly, pressure equalizing valve 428effects fluid communication between first opening 446 and pipe 448 whena pressure is less than about -15 inches mercury within hollow stemportion 432.

Tank line 430 is connected at one end thereof to an opening 456 (FIGS.29, 32) extending to transversely extending channel 426. Tank line 430is connected at the opposite end thereof to a bore 458, which in turn isin fluid communication with bore 416 extending to the bottom surface 462of valve head 412.

Vacuum line 422 is connected at one end thereof to an opening 474 (FIG.31) and is in fluid communication with vacuum bore 468 via transverselyextending bore 476. Vacuum line 422 is connected at the opposite endthereof to inlet 413 of second head 406 of compressor 402.

Pressure line 424 is connected at one end thereof to an opening 478(FIG. 31) formed in valve head 412 and is in fluid communication withpressure port 472 via transversely extending bore 480. Pressure line 424is connected at the opposite end thereof to outlet 410 of first head 404of compressor 402.

An advantage of using a two-head compressor 402, such as disclosed inFIG. 26, is that two heads with differing volumetric flow rates can beutilized for a specific application, if desirable. For example, it isreadily apparent from an examination of FIG. 26 that two-head compressor402 includes a single electric motor which rotatably drives each offirst head 404 and second head 406. It is known that greater horse poweris required to operate a head providing a positive pressure output tothe interior of main body 44, and lesser horse power is required todrive a head providing suction pressure to the interior of main body 44.Thus, assuming the electric motor has a generally constant power output,second head 406 providing negative pressure to main body 44 may be sizedlarger than first head 404 providing positive pressure to the interiorof main body 44. Such increase in size of second head 406 results in ahigher volumetric flow rate of liquid into measuring vessel assembly400, and a decrease in the total amount of time required to draw theliquid into and dispense the liquid from measuring vessel 400.

FIGS. 33 and 34 illustrate three-port valve 411 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27in greater detail. A valve manifold of a type similar to that disclosedin FIG. 8 includes a channel 464 which rotates about an axis of rotation466. Depending upon the particular orientation of the valve manifold,channel 464 can be selectively positioned to provide communicationbetween tank port 470 and either vacuum port 468 or pressure port 472.

FIG. 35 schematically illustrates the fluid flow path of three-portvalve 411 when in a tank filling position. When the valve manifold is ina tank filling position, channel 464 effects fluid communication betweenvacuum port 468 and tank port 470.

FIG. 36 illustrates a sectional view of the three-port valve whenoriented in a tank dispensing position. As may be seen, channel 464 isdisposed to effect fluid communication between tank port 470 andpressure port 472.

FIG. 37 illustrates the three-port valve 411 when in an off position. Asis apparent, channel 464 is positioned such that fluid communicationbetween any of vacuum port 468, tank port 470 and pressure port 472 isprevented.

While this invention has been described as having a preferred design,the present invention can be further modified within the spirit andscope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended tocover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using itsgeneral principles. Further, this application is intended to cover suchdepartures from the present disclosure as come within known or customarypractice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fallwithin the limits of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of measuring a desired volume of liquidchemical from a chemical storage tank and dispensing the measured volumetherefrom for mixing with a diluent, the method comprising the stepsof:providing a measuring vessel having an interior of a known volume,the measuring vessel having an inlet in fluid communication with thestorage tank and an outlet; creating a suction pressure within themeasuring vessel to cause a desired volume of less than or equal to thepredetermined volume of the measuring vessel of the chemical within thestorage tank to be drawn therefrom and into the measuring vessel via theinlet; then automatically venting said measuring vessel interior to theambient atmospheric pressure when said chemical reaches said desiredvolume to cease drawing in the chemical and to hold the chemical in thevessel for a selected period of time; and then creating a positivepressure above atmospheric pressure within the measuring vessel todispense the measured volume of chemical from the measuring vessel viathe outlet.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of creating asuction pressure within the measuring vessel includes connecting an aircompressor suction producing outlet so as to be in communication withthe measuring vessel; andthe step of creating a positive pressureincludes connecting a positive pressure producing outlet of the aircompressor so as to be in communication with the measuring vessel.
 3. Amethod of measuring a desired volume of concentrated liquid agrichemicalfrom a bulk agrichemical storage tank and dispensing the measured volumeof concentrated liquid agrichemical for mixing with a diluent prior toapplication, the method comprising the steps of:providing a measuringvessel having a predetermined volume, the measuring vessel having aninlet in fluid communication with the storage tank, an outlet for fluidcommunication with a dispensing means, and an air inlet; applying asuction pressure to the air inlet from a suction pressure port of an aircompressor to draw the concentrated liquid agrichemical into themeasuring vessel; accumulating a desired volume of less than or equal tothe predetermined volume of the measuring vessel of the concentratedliquid agrichemical in the measuring vessel; then automatically applyinga prevailing ambient atmospheric pressure to the air inlet when thedesired volume of concentrated liquid agrichemical has accumulated inthe measuring vessel to cease drawing in the chemical and to hold thechemical in the vessel for a selected period of time; and then applyinga positive pressure above the ambient pressure to the air inlet from apositive pressure port of the air compressor to cause the measuredvolume of concentrated liquid agrichemical to be dispensed from theoutlet.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of applying aprevailing atmospheric pressure to the air inlet includes the stepsof:ceasing the application of suction pressure to the air inlet; andconnecting the air inlet to a vent in communication with the ambientatmosphere.
 5. A fluid actuated pump comprising:a housing having a firstinlet, a suction inlet, and an outlet; a valve member disposed withinsaid housing and selectively actuatable into a bypass position and asuction position, said valve member defining a chamber therein having afirst opening of a first diameter, a second opening of a second diameterdisposed diametrically opposite said first opening, a third opening of athird diameter disposed angularly between said first and secondopenings, and a fourth opening of a fourth diameter disposeddiametrically opposite said third opening, said fourth diameter beingsmaller than said first and second diameters; a tubular nipple disposedover said fourth opening and extending into said chamber, said tubularnipple having a chamfer disposed on an end within said chamber, saidchamfer facing said first opening when said valve member is in saidbypass position; and said valve member manually moveable into saidbypass position and said suction position, wherein when said valvemember is in said bypass position said first and second openings alignwith said first inlet and said outlet respectively, and said fourthopening is aligned with said suction inlet such that diluent flows fromsaid first inlet and said first opening and through said second openingand said outlet without creating suction at said suction inlet, and whensaid valve member is in said suction position, said fourth and thirdopenings align with said first inlet and said outlet respectively, sothat diluent flows through said nipple and third opening and said outletand said second opening is aligned with said suction inlet therebycreating a suction pressure at said suction inlet.
 6. The apparatus ofclaim 5, wherein said chamfer is 30°.
 7. The apparatus of claim 5,wherein said third opening of said valve member is smaller than saidfirst and second openings.
 8. A method of drawing a desired measuredvolume of liquid chemical from a chemical storage tank and dispensingthe measured volume therefrom for mixing with a diluent, the methodcomprising the steps of:providing a measuring vessel of a known volume,the measuring vessel having an inlet in fluid communication with thestorage tank, an outlet, and an air passage therein; applying a suctionpressure at said air passage for creating a suction pressure within saidmeasuring vessel to cause a desired volume of less than or equal to thepredetermined volume of the measuring vessel of the chemical within thestorage tank to be drawn therefrom and into the measuring vessel via theinlet; then applying a prevailing atmospheric pressure at said airpassage for creating an atmospheric pressure within said measuringvessel; and then creating a suction pressure at said outlet in order todraw the measured amount of liquid chemical accumulated within saidmeasuring vessel therefrom for dispensing.
 9. An apparatus for drawing adesired measured volume of liquid chemical from a chemical storage tankand dispensing the measured volume for mixing with a diluent, theapparatus comprising:a measuring vessel of a predetermined volume, saidmeasuring vessel having a fluid inlet for fluid communication with thestorage tank, a fluid outlet, and an air passage therein; a fluidactuated pump having a suction inlet, a first inlet, and an outlet, forselectively creating a suction pressure at said suction inlet, whereinwhen said fluid actuated pump is in a by-pass position, diluent flowsinto said first inlet and out of said outlet without creating a suctionpressure at said suction inlet, and when said fluid actuated pump is ina suction position, diluent flows into said first inlet and out of saidoutlet creating a suction pressure at said suction inlet; and a valveselectively actuatable into a first position for applying the suctionpressure created by said fluid actuated pump to said air passage wherebythe suction pressure causes the liquid chemical to be drawn from thestorage tank into said inlet and accumulate within said measuringvessel, and a second position for applying the suction pressure createdby said fluid actuated pump to said outlet of said measuring vesselwhereby the suction pressure causes the liquid chemical within themeasuring vessel to be dispensed therefrom; wherein the liquid chemicaldispensed from said measuring vessel into said fluid actuated pump ismixed with the diluent within said fluid actuated pump before flowingfrom said outlet of said fluid actuated pump.
 10. The apparatus of claim9, further comprising:a float valve disposed in said measuring vesseladjacent said air passage, said float valve closing said air passagewhen a predetermined maximum volume of liquid chemical has accumulatedwithin said measuring vessel such that the draw of liquid chemical fromthe storage tank ceases.
 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein saidvalve further comprises:a vent in selective communication between aprevailing ambient atmosphere and said air passage when said valve isactuated into said second position for creating an atmospheric pressurewithin said measuring vessel during dispensing of the liquid chemical.12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said valve is selectivelyactuatable into a third position wherein said vent is in communicationwith said air passage for creating an atmospheric pressure within saidmeasuring vessel, and said suction pressure created by said fluidactuated pump is blocked off.
 13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein saidfluid actuated pump comprises:a housing having said suction inlet, saidfirst inlet, and said outlet disposed therein; a ball valve memberrotatably disposed within said housing, said ball valve member defininga chamber therein and having a first opening of a first diameter, asecond opening of a second diameter disposed diametrically opposite saidfirst opening, a third opening of a third diameter disposed angularlybetween said first and second openings, and a fourth opening of a fourthdiameter disposed diametrically opposite said third opening, said fourthdiameter being smaller than said first and second diameters; a tubularnipple disposed over said fourth opening and extending into saidchamber, said tubular nipple having a chamfer disposed on an end withinsaid chamber, said chamfer facing said first opening when said ballvalve member is in said first position; and said ball valve membermanually moveable into said bypass position and said suction position,wherein when said ball valve member is in said bypass position saidfirst and second openings align with said first inlet and said outletrespectively, and said fourth opening is aligned with said suction inletsuch that diluent flows from said first opening and through said secondopening without creating suction at said suction inlet, and when saidball valve member is in said suction position, said fourth and thirdopenings align with said first inlet and said outlet respectively, andsaid second opening is aligned with said suction inlet thereby creatinga suction pressure at said suction inlet.
 14. The apparatus of claim 13,wherein said chamfer is about 30°.
 15. A method of measuring a desiredvolume of liquid chemical from a chemical storage tank and dispensingthe measured volume therefrom for mixing with a diluent, the methodcomprising the steps of:providing a measuring vessel having an interiorof a known volume, the measuring vessel having an inlet in fluidcommunication with the storage tank and an outlet; setting a control toselect a variable desired volume of liquid to be dispensed; creating asuction pressure within the measuring vessel to cause the set desiredvolume to be drawn from the tank and into the measuring vessel via theinlet; automatically terminating the flow of liquid into said measuringvessel interior when said chemical reaches the selected desired volume;and then creating a positive pressure within the measuring vessel todispense the measured volume of chemical from the measuring vessel viathe outlet.
 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the step of creating asuction pressure within the measuring vessel includes connecting an aircompressor suction producing outlet so as to be in communication withthe measuring vessel; andthe step of creating a positive pressureincludes connecting a positive pressure producing outlet of the aircompressor so as to be in communication with the measuring vessel. 17.The method of claim 15 wherein the step of terminating the flowcomprises venting said vessel interior to an ambient pressure.